Tarsal Tunnel is a constricted passage between the anklebone and ligaments that stretches across the foot. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition characterized by the compression of posterior tibial nerve in the Tarsal Tunnel. The condition is known as Posterior Tibial Neuralgia and is mainly caused due to repetitive activities that put strain on the ankle.
Causes
- Direct or indirect trauma to the ankle
- Flat Feet or fallen arches
- Osteoarthritis
- Swelling caused due to an ankle sprain
- Enlarged or abnormal structure in the ankle, such as a bone spur or swollen tendon
- Repeated strain on the foot and ankle
- Overpronation of the feet
Symptoms
- Sharp and shooting pain
- Tingling or burning sensation in the ankle
- Numbness
- Pain increases while walking or standing
- Weakness
- Swelling and tenderness
- Pain may radiate along the sole of the foot or up to the calf
Diagnosis
- To diagnose Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome, the orthopedic surgeon may physically examine the ankle to determine if there is a loss of sensation.
- He or she may also recommend a nerve conduction study or imaging tests to evaluate the exact cause of the condition.
- The doctor devises a treatment plan after determining the extent of the condition.
Treatment
- Rest: The patient may be suggested to rest the foot to prevent further injury and promote healing. Support: Wearing a brace or using crutches while walking can also help reduce pressure on the foot.
- Ice Packs: Applying ice packs at the affected area can also help to eliminate pain and compress swelling.
- Medications: The orthopedic surgeon may prescribe anti-inflammatory medications to provide relief from pain and reduce swelling.
- Immobilization: Restricting movement of the affected foot with the help of a cast might help to relax the tibial nerve as well as surrounding tissues and allow them to heal.
- Orthotic Devices: Using custom shoe inserts may be recommended to maintain the foot arch and limit unnecessary movement that can compress the nerve.
- Physical Therapy: Once the pain has subsided, physical therapy may help to regain muscle strength and restore the mobility of ankle joint.
- Surgery: This is usually recommended if the symptoms do not respond to conservative treatment options or if the condition is causing severe discomfort.
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