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Adolescent Anterior Knee Pain is a medical condition that affects physically active teenagers. It is characterized by pain and discomfort in the area surrounding the kneecap. The knee is the largest and one of the most complex joints comprising of three bones, femur, tibia and patella. Various ligaments and tendons support these bones as well as hold them in place. Stress or damage to any of these parts can lead to Adolescent Anterior Knee Pain. The condition is more commonly seen in girls as compared to boys. Causes Overuse of the joint Sudden change in the intensity and...

Radiculopathy is a medical condition that occurs when a nerve in the spine gets pinched or irritated. There are several nerves or ‘nerve roots’ that emerge from the intervertebral joints and spread out into different parts of the body, thus controlling their movement as well as sensation. Radiculopathy may affect the cervical, thoracic or lower spine. However, it is most commonly observed in the lumbar portion. The cervical spine controls the neck and the arms, the abdomen and chest are controlled by the thoracic spine while the legs, hips and the feet are affected by the...

Spinal instability, also called lumbar instability, occurs when the intervertebral discs begin to degenerate and lose height, causing the vertebrae to shift from their normal position. As the discs weaken, the vertebrae can override the disc space and produce friction, leading to pain and other symptoms. This abnormal movement between vertebrae, often referred to as micromotion, can irritate nearby nerves, contribute to spinal arthritis, and promote the development of bone spurs. Over time, these structural changes compromise the spine's ability to support the body and...

The elbow joint consists of various bones and tissues that are nourished by the blood supply from numerous arteries. Insufficient or loss of blood supply to these parts may lead to death of the bone and the articular cartilage that protects it. This condition is termed as the Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow. The lower part of the humerus, Capitellum, is most commonly affected by the condition. It helps to rotate the palm and forearm.In most cases, Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow is observed in people aged 10-20 years who are particularly active in sports. The...

Quadriceps tendon refers to the band of tissues that allow the four quadriceps femoris muscles (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and vastus intermedius) to converge above the patella. This tendon, in association with the quadriceps muscles, enables the extension of the knee joint. Excessive stretching and tearing of this tendon is referred to as the Quadriceps Tendon Rupture. The condition most commonly affects people above the age of 40 years. The rupture is generally preceded by the degeneration of the structure due to other factors. This injury may result...